Parking repair and waterproofing

The problem of underground parking is not new, from time to time there is a question about repair materials.  The choice of materials depends on the type of damage, the type of surface and the requirements for strength, resistance to water and chemicals. It is important to choose high-quality materials and carry out repairs in accordance with technological processes and regulatory requirements. If the underground parking is leaking, then, first of all, it is necessary to take measures to stop the water leakage. This may include:

• Identification of the leak location. Teknoplug hydro seal is a cement-based waterproofing material with special chemical additives and polymers. The hydro seal has a short curing and setting time in the liquid. In a very short time (from 30 seconds to 5 minutes), the material forms a solid "plug" in the place of leakage, which water cannot dissolve.

Geotextiles and spiked geomembranes. Geosynthetic materials can also be used to improve the efficiency of the drainage system in the underground parking. Properly equipped drainage system allows you to divert water from the underground Parking, preventing the formation of puddles and ensuring safety for cars and pedestrians.

• Geotextile is a universal material made of polypropylene, polyamide, polyester. Geotextile is widely used in the construction of hydraulic structures and drainage systems, in industrial construction.
• The spike-shaped membrane, which is used for drainage in underground parking lots, allows to improve the stability of the soil and prevent erosion, as well as provide additional protection from water penetration. The spike-shaped membrane can be installed on the bottom and walls of the parking lot, as well as in any places where it is necessary to provide protection from water

Various materials can be used to repair underground parking lots, depending on the type of damage and the condition of the surface. Some of them include:

Repair mixes for concrete. These materials contain a mixture of cement, sand and water, as well as additives that can improve their properties. They are used to fill cracks, holes and other concrete damages. They allow to restore damaged surfaces, restore their strength and quality characteristics, as well as to install equipment and elements in reinforced concrete structures.

• Teknorep 200 is a one-component thin-layer thixotropic repair mixture for vertical surfaces reinforced with polymer fibers to eliminate defects with a thickness of 3 to 30 mm.
• Teknorep 300 is a one-component thin-layer thixotropic repair mixture for vertical surfaces reinforced with polymer fibers to eliminate defects with a thickness of 10 to 40 mm.
• Teknorep 300 EX is a one-component thin-layer repair mixture reinforced with polymer fibers of increased strength and elasticity, with increased mechanical and seismic loads.
• Teknogrout 350 repair mix is a self-leveling non-shrinkable mixture based on special cement with increased adhesion to concrete and metal. For the repair of industrial floors and parking lots and for the repair of the pavement of highways, parking lots and sidewalks.
• Teknogrout EX is a self–leveling, single-component non-shrinkable mixture with high adhesion and strength for the installation of metal columns and pillars and for the repair of sections of reinforced concrete joints with beams, as well as for the installation of wells and manholes.
• Teknogrout Rapid is an ultrafast self–leveling self-leveling repair mixture with the beginning of strength gain in 5 minutes, which does not shrink and is designed for structural repair of horizontal concrete and reinforced concrete structures, creation of wear-resistant waterproofing coatings, repair of industrial floors and parking lots.

Polyurethane sealants are also used for parking repairs. Such sealants are used to fill cracks and seams in concrete surfaces. They have good resistance to water and chemicals:

• Tenalux 131M is a one-component sealant based on MSPolymer® for sealing joints in horizontal structures with direct mechanical load, which can be used for sealing joints in vertical and inclined building structures for industrial floor joints, sealing joints and cracks in vertical and inclined building structures, sealing expansion joints with a maximum deformation of ± 20%.
• Profflex PU 40 is a high-quality neutral, elastic one-component sealant for construction joints and polyurethane-based adhesive, which is used for all types of sealing and bonding in the construction industry, for structural bonding in vibrating structures, for sealing shrinkage joints in concrete floors.
• IPS PU2K is a high-quality two-component polyurethane sealant for sealing joints and cracks in vertical and inclined building structures. It can be used for sealing joints in horizontal structures in the absence of direct mechanical load.
• OKSIPLAST is a high-quality two-component polyurethane sealant for sealing joints and cracks in vertical and inclined building structures. It can be used for sealing joints in horizontal structures (floors) in the absence of mechanical load

Waterproofing materials. These are the materials that are used to create a waterproof surface. They can be in the form of liquid coatings, membranes or films and have good resistance to water and chemicals.

• HYDROFLEX thermoplastic membrane tape is used for horizontal and vertical expansion joints in parking lots, underground structures, basements and semi-basements and is designed for waterproofing cold joints. The unique chemical composition ensures high elasticity and adhesion to dry and wet concrete. Hydroflex thermoplastic tape is resistant to aggressive effects of fuel oil and oil, adapts to use in a wide temperature range together with Hydroflex adhesive sealant.
• Teknomer 200 EX is a two-component elastic waterproofing and protective material that forms a seamless elastic waterproofing coating. Creates protection against leaks and penetration of surface water due to acrylic and special additives that increase the water resistance and workability of the application surface.
• Teknomer 200 EX Crystallized is a two-component crystallized elastic waterproofing material based on cement, an emulsion polymer and special additives to protect against positive and negative water pressure.
• Teknomer 100 is a single–component cement-based penetrating material for compacting the concrete structure, including active chemical components that penetrate into the concrete body, moving towards water. Upon contact with water, a chemical reaction occurs, during which insoluble crystals are formed, filling capillaries, microcracks and pores up to 200 microns thick.

• Teknomer 120 is a concrete additive for waterproofing concrete surfaces, which makes the surface resistant to positive and negative water pressure, increases the strength and frost resistance of concrete, prevents carbonation in concrete, vapor permeable, does not contain chlorides and is easy to use.

The use of high-quality waterproofing materials depends on how long the parking will last.  The components play an important role. There cannot and should not be low-quality materials here. Parking lots can withstand heavy loads, seismic fluctuations and the action of external factors, therefore they require a responsible attitude to waterproofing